ukutshixa maxillofacial mini ipleyiti ngqo

Utyando lwamathambo okanye i-orthopedics, lelinye isebe lotyando.I-Orthopedics ikhathalele inkqubo ye-musculoskeletal.Zombini iindlela zotyando kunye nokungabikho kotyando zisetyenziswa ngoogqirha bamathambo ukunyanga i-musculoskeletal trauma, izifo zomqolo, ukwenzakala kwezemidlalo, izifo eziwohlokayo, usulelo, amathumba, kunye nokuphazamiseka kokuzalwa.

Iinkqubo eziphezulu ze-25 eziqhelekileyo ezenziwa ngoogqirha bamathambo ngokulandelelana zezi: i-knee arthroscopy kunye ne-meniscectomy, i-arthroscopy yamagxa kunye nokuchithwa, ukukhutshwa kwe-carpal tunnel, i-knee arthroscopy kunye ne-chondroplasty, ukususwa kokufakelwa kwenkxaso, i-knee arthroscopy kunye nokwakhiwa kwakhona kwe-anterior cruciate ligament, ukutshintshwa kwamadolo, ukulungiswa Ukuqhekeka kwentamo ye-femoral, ukulungiswa kwe-trochanteric fracture, ukuchithwa kwesikhumba / imisipha / ithambo / ukwaphuka, ukulungiswa kwe-arthroscopic yedolo zombini i-menisci, ukutshintshwa kwe-hip, i-arthroscopy yamagxa / i-distal clavicle excision, ukulungiswa kwe-rotator cuff tendon, ukulungiswa kwe-radius (ithambo) / i-ulna, i-laminectomy, ukulungiswa kwe-ankle fracture (uhlobo lwe-bimalleolar), i-arthroscopy yamagxa kunye ne-debridement, i-lumbar spinal fusion, ukulungiswa kwe-fracture ye-distal part of radius, utyando lwe-distal intervertebral disc, i-incise i-tendon sheath, ukulungiswa kwe-ankle fracture (fibula), ukulungiswa kwe-femoral shaft fracture, ukulungiswa kwe-trochanteric fracture.

I-maxillofacial trauma ebantwaneni nakubantu abadala eqhelekileyo ivela kumonzakalo wezemidlalo, ukuwa, uhlaselo, iingozi zemoto, uhlaselo olungenanjongo, izithonga zamanqindi okanye izinto.Ukuhlaselwa kwezilwanyana, ukudubula, ukuqhuma kunye nokunye ukulimala ngexesha lemfazwe nako kunokubangela ukuphuka kwethambo lobuso.Ingozi yemoto yenye yezona zinto zibangela ukwenzakala ebusweni kubomi bedolophu.Ukwenzakala ngokwesiqhelo kwenzeka xa ubuso bubetha inxenye yesithuthi esingaphakathi, njengevili lokuqhuba.Ukongeza, ii-airbags zinokubangela i-corneal abrasions kunye neminxeba ebusweni xa zithunyelwa.

Ukulimala kwethambo lobuso kunokwahlulwa ngokungqongqo kubandakanye ithambo lempumlo, i-maxilla, kunye ne-mandible.I-mandible inokwaphuka kwi-symphysis, umzimba, i-angle, i-ramus, kunye ne-condyle.I-cheekbone kunye nethambo elingaphambili zezinye iindawo zokophuka.Ukwaphuka kunokuthi kwenzeke kumathambo enkalakahla kunye nalawo adibanayo ukuze enze i-orbit yeso.

Ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane yama-20, iRené Le Fort yenza imephu yeendawo eziqhelekileyo zokwaphuka kobuso;ezi ngoku zaziwa njengeLe Fort I, II, kunye ne-III fractures (ekunene).I-Le Fort I fractures, ebizwa ngokuba yi-Guérin okanye i-horizontal maxillary fractures, ibandakanya i-maxilla, iyahlula kwi-palate.I-Fort II fractures, ebizwa ngokuba yi-pyramidal fractures ye-maxilla, inqumla amathambo empumlo kunye ne-orbital rim.Izahlulo zeLe Fort III, ezikwabizwa ngokuba yi-craniofacial disjunction kunye nokwaphuka kobuso obunqamlezayo, ukuwela umphambili we-maxilla kwaye kubandakanya ithambo le-lacrimal, i-lamina papyracea, kunye nomgangatho we-orbital, kwaye zihlala zibandakanya ithambo le-ethmoid, zezona zinzima.I-Le Fort fractures, eyenza i-10-20% yokuphuka kobuso, idla ngokudibaniswa nolunye ukulimala okukhulu.

Unyango lotyando luyamkelwa ukulungisa i-maxillofacial bone fracture, ijolise ekulungiseni i-architecture yendalo yamathambo ebusweni kunye nokushiya umkhondo omncinci obonakalayo wokulimala ngokusemandleni.Ukwenzakala kwamathambo kunokunyangwa ngeepleyiti zetitanium ezimsulwa nezikrufu ze-titanium alloy.Imathiriyeli enokuphinda isetyenziswe lolunye ukhetho olukhoyo.

I-maxillofacial trauma ayifane izise isoyikiso ebomini, kodwa ihlala inxulunyaniswa nokwenzakala okuyingozi, ukuvaleka kwendlela yomoya kunye nezinye iingxaki ezibeka ubomi esichengeni.Umzila womoya unokuvaleka ngenxa yokopha, ukudumba kwezicubu ezijikelezileyo, okanye umonakalo kwizakhiwo.Ukutshisa ebusweni kunokubangela ukudumba kwezicubu kwaye kukhokelela ekuvalelekeni kwendlela yomoya.Ukudityaniswa kwempumlo, i-maxillary, kunye ne-mandibular fractures inokuchaphazela indlela yomoya.Kuyimfuneko ukubeka iliso kwindlela yomoya rhoqo, kuba iingxaki zomoya zingenzeka emva kwexesha emva kokulimala kokuqala.

amathambo kufuneka abuyiselwe kwindawo yawo ngokukhawuleza kangangoko kunokwenzeka, kuba imithambo-luvo nezihlunu zisenokubanjwa ngamathambo aphukileyo.Ukuqhekeka komgangatho we-Orbital okanye i-medial orbital wall fracture yeso inokubamba i-rectus medial okanye i-inferior rectus muscles.

Kumanxeba obuso, imibhobho yeenyembezi kunye nemithambo-luvo yobuso inokonakala.Ukuqhekeka kwethambo langaphambili kunokuphazamisa ukukhutshwa kwe-sinus yangaphambili kwaye kunokubangela i-sinusitis.Usulelo yenye ingxaki enokwenzeka.