i-orthodontic ligation nail 1.6 ukuzibhoboza ngokwakho & ukucofa

Indlela yokubopha kanye nokulungiswa phakathi kwemihlathi emincane ye-annular ilungele:

1. Ukuphuka okukodwa komugqa womzimba we-mandible ngaphandle kokususwa okusobala.

2. Isimila esiyingozi somzimba we-mandibular noma isilevu sakhishwa futhi ithambo laxhunyelelwa ngokushesha.

3. Ukulungiswa kokusiza okubanzi kokukhubazeka kwe-mandibular ngemva kokulimala kwesibhamu ngokuxhunyelelwa kwethambo.

Ukuncishiswa kwangaphambi kwesikhathi, ukulungiswa kanye nokwelashwa kwezimoto ezisebenzayo yizimiso ezintathu zokwelashwa okuqondile kokuphuka kwemilenze.Isimiso sokwelashwa kwe-Jaw bone fracture, sinokufana nokuhlukana kwabo, ukuphuka komhlathi ongenhla, ngenxa yokuthi imisipha yayo yokunamathiselwe kwendawo yethambo, ngaphezu kwalokho. iphiko lemisipha yangaphakathi nengaphandle, ngaphezulu kokubonakaliswa kwemisipha ethile ebuthakathaka, inqobo nje uma amazinyo ekwazi ukubuyela ebuhlotsheni obujwayelekile, isigaba sokuphuka kwejaji sisethwe kabusha, bese ukhetha izindlela ezimisiwe zokuphuka ezigxilwe esisekelweni sogebhezi. ukuphuka kwe-masticatory ngenxa yokudonsa okuqinile kwemisipha ye-masticatory kungabangela ukuhlukana okusobala, indlela yokuphuka komhlathi okugxilile kufanele ibe yizinzile, ngesikhathi esifanayo kucatshangelwa ukuhlanganiswa kwe-temporomandibular yokuzivocavoca kokuqala kokusebenza, umsebenzi osebenzayo futhi ongenabuhlungu ungakhuthaza ukunikezwa kwegazi ithambo nezicubu ezithambile, uketshezi lwe-synovial lukhuthaza umsoco we-articular cartilage, kuhlanganiswe nesisindo esinqunyiwe, ukuvimbela i-atrophy yemisipha, ukuqina kwamalunga, njll.

Ukubuyisela ukuvaleka kuwumgomo wokwelashwa.Ukuphuka kwethambo lomhlathi kuhlukile ekuqhekekeni kweshubhu elide, ukucaciswa kwalo okubalulekile, okungukuthi, kukhona umugqa we-arch dentition emzimbeni womhlathi, kanye nokwakhiwa kobudlelwane obujwayelekile be-occlusal phakathi kwe-mandibles ephezulu nangaphansi, ukuphatha umsebenzi wokuzikhukhumeza. Ukuthi ubudlelwano be-occlusal bamazinyo angaphezulu naphansi bungabuyiselwa kungenye yezinkomba ezibaluleke kakhulu zokuhlola umphumela wokwelapha wokuphuka komhlathi.Amazinyo engxenyeni yamathambo avame ukusetshenziswa njengesisekelo sokusekela noma ihange ukuze kuncishiswe futhi kulungiswe nge-ligating arch. ama-splints noma ezinye izinsimbi ze-intraoral.Endabeni yokulimala okungezona isibhamu, kunconywa ukuthi amazinyo emgqeni wokuphuka kufanele agcinwe ngangokunokwenzeka.Uma impande iphukile, izinyo likhululekile kakhulu, umugqa wokuphuka uyathinteka. ngokusebenzisa i-molar yesithathu ye-mandibular noma izinyo lifakwe, izinyo kufanele likhishwe.Ngokulimala kwesibhamu somhlathi, ngaphezulu ukwazisa inqubo ye-alveolar yamazinyo asele, kufanele ibuyiselwe futhi igcinwe ngazo zonke izindlela ezingenzeka, umqhele uphukile kodwa kukhona impande eqinile, ikakhulukazi ngemva kwesigaba sokuphuka kwempande eqinile, ingasetshenziselwa ukwelashwa komgudu wezimpande, kodwa futhi ihambisane njengesipikili sokuthunyelwe noma ukumboza ukulungiswa kwamabakaki.

Kufika ku-50-70% wabantu abasinda ezingozini zomgwaqo bahlushwa ukuhlukumezeka ebusweni.Emazweni amaningi athuthukile, udlame oluvela kwabanye abantu seluthathe indawo yokushayisana kwezimoto njengembangela eyinhloko yokuhlukumezeka kwe-maxillofacial;Emazweni asathuthuka izingozi zomgwaqo ziseyimbangela enkulu.Ibhande lesihlalo kanye ne-airbag kusetshenziswe ukunciphisa izehlakalo ze-maxillofacial trauma, kodwa ukuphuka kwe-mandible, okungukuthi ithambo lomhlathi, akunciphisi ngalezi zinyathelo zokuzivikela.Ukusetshenziswa kwezigqoko zezithuthuthu kunganciphisa ukuhlukumezeka kwe-maxillofacial ngokuphumelelayo.

Ukuphuka kwe-maxillofacial kusakazwa ngejika elivamile ngokweminyaka yobudala, kanti izehlakalo eziphakeme zenzeka phakathi kweminyaka engama-20 nengama-40, futhi izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-12 zihlushwa u-5-10% kuphela wakho konke ukuphuka kwe-maxillofacial.Ukuhlukumezeka okuningi kwe-maxillofacial ezinganeni kuhilela imivimbo nokulimala kwezicubu ezithambile.Kunengxenye ephansi yethambo le-cortical kuya kwethambo elikhanyisayo ebusweni bezingane, ukona okungakhiwanga kahle kwenza amathambo aqine, futhi ama-fat pads avikela amathambo obuso.

Ukulimala kwekhanda nobuchopho kuvame ukuhlotshaniswa nokuhlukumezeka kwe-maxillofacial, ikakhulukazi lokho kobuso obungaphezulu;ukulimala kobuchopho kwenzeka ku-15-48% yabantu abane-maxillofacial trauma.Ukulimala okukhona kungathinta ukwelashwa kokulimala ebusweni;isibonelo bangase baphuthume futhi badinga ukwelashwa ngaphambi kokulimala ebusweni.Abantu abahlukumezekile ngaphezu kwezinga lamathambo e-collar babhekwa njengengozi enkulu yokulimala komgogodla womlomo wesibeletho (ukulimala komgogodla entanyeni) futhi kufanele kuthathwe izinyathelo ezikhethekile zokugwema ukunyakaza komgogodla, okungase kube nzima kakhulu ukulimala komgogodla.