isikhonkwane se-orthodontic ligation 1.6 sokuzibhoboza & ukucofa

Indlela yokubopha kanye nokulungiswa phakathi kwemihlathi emincane ye-annular ifaneleka:

1. Ukuphuka okukodwa komugqa womzimba we-mandible ngaphandle kokususwa okusobala.

2. Isimila esiyingozi somzimba we-mandibular noma isilevu sakhishwa futhi ithambo laxhunyelelwa ngokushesha.

3. Ukulungiswa kokusiza okubanzi kokukhubazeka kwe-mandibular ngemva kokulimala kwesibhamu ngokuxhunyelelwa kwethambo.

Ukwehliswa kwangaphambi kwesikhathi, ukulungiswa kanye nokwelashwa kwe-motor therapy yizimiso ezintathu zokwelashwa okuqondile kokuphuka kwemilenze. Isimiso sokwelashwa kwe-Jaw bone fracture, sinokufana nokuhlukana kwabo, ukuphuka komhlathi ongenhla, ngenxa yokuthi imisipha yayo yokunamathiselwe ebusweni bethambo, ngaphezu kwephiko lemisipha yangaphakathi nangaphandle, ngaphezulu ukuze kuboniswe imisipha ethile ebuthakathaka, inqobo nje uma ijaji lingase libuyele esimweni esivamile, uma nje isigaba sejaji singase sibuyele emuva. Izindlela ezihleliwe zokuphuka okugxilwe esisekelweni se-skull. Futhi ukuphuka kwe-mandible ngenxa yokudonsa okuqinile kwemisipha ye-masticatory kungabangela ukuhlukana okusobala, indlela yokuphuka komhlathi omisiwe kufanele ibe nezinzile, ngesikhathi esifanayo kucatshangelwe ukuhlanganiswa kwe-temporomandibular kokuzivocavoca kokuqala kokusebenza, umsebenzi osebenzayo futhi ongenabuhlungu ungakhuthaza ukunikezwa kwegazi kwethambo nezicubu ezithambile ze-carsgeo, i-syndrome ye-syndrome ye-syndrome, i-syndrome, i-syndrome, i-syndrome, i-syndrome, i-syndrome, i-syndrome, i-syndrome ye-temporomandibular. ukuthwala isisindo, ukuvimbela i-atrophy yokungasebenzi kwemisipha, ukuqina kwamalunga, njll., Ngakho-ke, ukwelashwa kwemihlahlandlela yokuphuka kwe-mandibular, kufisa izimiso ezintathu.

Ukubuyisela ukuvaleka kuwumgomo wokwelashwa. Ukuphuka kwethambo lomhlathi kuhlukile ekuqhekekeni kweshubhu elide, ukucaciswa kwalo okubalulekile, okungukuthi, kukhona umugqa we-arch dentition emzimbeni womhlathi, kanye nokwakheka kobudlelwane obujwayelekile be-occlusal phakathi kwe-mandibles engenhla nangaphansi, ukulawula umsebenzi wokuzikhukhumeza.Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ubudlelwano be-occlusal bamazinyo angaphezulu naphansi angabuyiselwa yini izinkomba ezibaluleke kakhulu zokwelashwa kwe-jawfracture. engxenyeni yethambo ivame ukusetshenziswa njengesisekelo sokusekela noma i-anchor yokunciphisa nokulungiswa ngokuhlanganisa ama-arch splints noma ezinye izinsimbi ze-intraoral.Endabeni yokulimala okungezona isibhamu, kunconywa ukuthi amazinyo emgqeni wokuphuka kufanele agcinwe ngangokunokwenzeka.Uma impande iphukile, izinyo likhululekile kakhulu, i-momber ephukile kakhulu i-momber line, umthelela we-momber we-three kufanele kukhishwe.Ngokulimala kwesibhamu somhlathi, ngaphezulu ukwazisa inqubo ye-alveolar yamazinyo asele, kufanele ibuyiselwe futhi igcinwe ngazo zonke izindlela ezingenzeka, umqhele uphukile kodwa kukhona impande eqinile, ikakhulukazi ngemva kwesigaba sokuphuka kwempande eqinile, ingasetshenziswa ekwelapheni kwezimpande zezimpande, kodwa futhi kulungele njenge-nail yokuthunyelwe noma ukumboza ukulungiswa kwamabakaki.

Kufika ku-50-70% wabantu abasinda ezingozini zomgwaqo bahlushwa ukuhlukumezeka ebusweni. Emazweni amaningi athuthukile, udlame oluvela kwabanye abantu seluthathe indawo yokushayisana kwezimoto njengembangela eyinhloko yokuhlukumezeka kwe-maxillofacial; Emazweni asathuthuka izingozi zomgwaqo ziseyimbangela enkulu. Ibhande lesihlalo kanye ne-airbag kusetshenziswe ukunciphisa izehlakalo ze-maxillofacial trauma, kodwa ukuphuka kwe-mandible, okungukuthi ithambo lomhlathi, akunciphisi ngalezi zinyathelo zokuzivikela. Ukusetshenziswa kwezigqoko zezithuthuthu kunganciphisa ukuhlukumezeka kwe-maxillofacial ngokuphumelelayo.

Ukuphuka kwe-maxillofacial kusakazwa ngejika elivamile ngokweminyaka yobudala, kanti izehlakalo eziphakeme zenzeka phakathi kweminyaka engama-20 nengama-40, futhi izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-12 zihlushwa u-5-10% kuphela wakho konke ukuphuka kwe-maxillofacial. Ukuhlukumezeka okuningi kwe-maxillofacial ezinganeni kuhilela imivimbo nokulimala kwezicubu ezithambile. Kunengxenye ephansi yethambo le-cortical kuya kwethambo elikhanyisayo ebusweni bezingane, ukona okungakhiwanga kahle kwenza amathambo aqine, futhi ama-fat pads avikela amathambo obuso.

Ukulimala kwekhanda nobuchopho kuvame ukuhlotshaniswa nokuhlukumezeka kwe-maxillofacial, ikakhulukazi lokho kobuso obungaphezulu; ukulimala kobuchopho kwenzeka ku-15-48% yabantu abane-maxillofacial trauma. Ukulimala okukhona kungathinta ukwelashwa kokulimala ebusweni; isibonelo bangase baphuthume futhi badinga ukwelashwa ngaphambi kokulimala ebusweni. Abantu abahlukumezekile ngaphezu kwezinga lamathambo e-collar babhekwa njengengozi enkulu yokulimala komgogodla womlomo wesibeletho (ukulimala komgogodla entanyeni) futhi kufanele kuthathwe izinyathelo ezikhethekile zokugwema ukunyakaza komgogodla, okungase kube nzima kakhulu ukulimala komgogodla.