ipuleti lebhuloho eliqondile le-maxillofacial trauma mini

I-maxillofacial trauma, ebizwa nangokuthi i-face trauma, yinoma yikuphi ukuhlukumezeka ngokomzimba okwenzeka ebusweni.Ukuhlukumezeka kwe-maxillofacial kungahlukaniswa kube ukulimala kwezicubu ezithambile, okuhlanganisa ukushiswa, imihuzuko kanye namanxeba, noma ukuphuka kwamathambo obuso njengokulimala kwamehlo, ukuphuka kwekhala nokuphuka kwemihlathi.ukuphuka kungase kuholele ebuhlungu, ukuvuvukala, ukulahlekelwa umsebenzi, izinguquko zokuma kwezakhiwo zobuso.

ukulimala kwe-maxillofacial kungase kubangele ukukhubazeka nokulahlekelwa umsebenzi wobuso;njengokungaboni noma ubunzima bokunyakazisa umhlathi.Kunethuba eliphansi lokubeka ukuphila engozini, kodwa ukuhlukumezeka kwe-maxillofacial kungase kubulale, ngoba kungabangela ukopha okukhulu noma ukuphazamiseka endleleni yokuphefumula;ngakho-ke into eyinhloko ekukhathazayo ekwelapheni iwukuqinisekisa ukuthi indlela yokuphefumula ivulekile futhi ayisongelwa ukuze isiguli sikwazi ukuphefumula.Uma kusolwa ukuphuka kwamathambo, sebenzisa i-radiography ukuze uxilongwe.Kuyadingeka ukwenza ukwelashwa kokunye ukulimala okufana nokulimala kobuchopho okubuhlungu, okuvame ukuhambisana nokulimala okukhulu kobuso.

Njengamanye ama-fractures, ama-maxillofacial bone fractures akhona ngobuhlungu, imihuzuko, nokuvuvukala kwezicubu ezizungezile.Ukopha okukhulu ekhaleni kungase kwenzeke Ekuqhekekeni kwekhala lokuphuka, ukuphuka kwe-maxilla, kanye nokuphuka kwesisekelo sogebhezi.Ukuphuka kwekhala kungase kuhlotshaniswe nokukhubazeka kwekhala, kanye nokuvuvukala kanye nemihuzuko.Abantu abaphuka i-mandibular bavame ukuba nobuhlungu kanye nobunzima bokuvuleka komlomo futhi bangase babe ndikindiki odebeni nasesilevuni.Endabeni yokuphuka kwe-Le Fort, i-midface ingase ihambe ngokuhlobene nobuso bonke noma ugebhezi.

Ukuphuka kwe-maxilla fracture

1. Umugqa wokuphuka ithambo le-maxillary lixhunywe nethambo lekhala, ithambo le-zygomatic namanye amathambo e-craniofacial.Umugqa wokuphuka uvame ukwenzeka kuma-sutures nasezindongeni zamathambo ezibuthakathaka.I-Le Fort ihlukanise ukuphuka ngezinhlobo ezintathu ngokuya ngobude nokuphakama komugqa wokuphuka.

Uhlobo lwe-I fracture: eyaziwa nangokuthi i-maxillary fracture ephansi noma i-horizontal fracture.Umugqa wokuphuka usuka ngokuvundlile usuka ku-piriform foramen kuya ku-maxillary pterygoid suture ezinhlangothini zombili ngendlela ephakeme yenqubo ye-alveolar.

Ukuphuka kohlobo lwe-II kubizwa nangokuthi ukuphuka kwe-median maxillary noma ukuphuka kwe-conical.Umugqa wokuphuka kusukela kumthungo we-nasofrontal weqa ibhuloho lekhala, udonga lwe-orbital ephakathi, iphansi le-orbital kanye ne-orbital maxillary suture eceleni, bese ulandela udonga oluhlangothini lwe-maxilla kuya inqubo ye-pterygeal.Ngezinye izikhathi ingashanela i-ethmoid sinus ize ifike ku-anterior fossa, i-cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea.

Ukuphuka kohlobo lwe-III kubizwa nangokuthi ukuphuka kwezinga eliphezulu le-maxillary noma ukuhlukana kwe-craniofacial separation.Umugqa wokuphuka ukusuka ekhaleni umthungo wangaphambili uye ezinhlangothini zombili ngaphesheya kwebhuloho lekhala, i-orbit, ngokusebenzisa umshudo we-zygomaticofrontal ubuyela enqubweni ye-pterygeal, ukwakheka kokuhlukana kwe-craniofacial, ngokuvamile kuholela phakathi nobude bobuso nokucindezeleka, lolu hlobo lokuphuka oluhambisana nokuphuka kwesisekelo se-skull noma ukulimala kwe-craniocerebral, indlebe, ukopha kwekhala noma ukuvuza koketshezi lwe-cerebrospinal.

2. Ukususwa kwengxenye yokuphuka kuvame ukwenzeka ukugudluzwa ngemuva nangaphansi.

3. Ukuphazamiseka kwe-Occlusal.

4. Izinguquko ze-Orbital kanye ne-periorbital ye-orbital kanye ne-periorbital ngokuvamile ehambisana nokopha kwezicubu, i-edema, ukwakheka "kwezimpawu ze-eyeglass" eziyingqayizivele, ngokuvamile ezibonakala njenge-ecchymosis ye-periorbital, ijwabu leso eliphezulu nelo eliphansi kanye nokopha kwe-conjunctival, noma ukuxoshwa kwamehlo kanye ne-diplopia.

5. Ukulimala kwengqondo.

Izindlela zokwelapha ukulimala kwe-maxillofacial zihlanganisa:

1. Ukulimala kwezicubu ezithambile ze-Maxillofacial: isimiso sokwelashwa ukuchithwa ngesikhathi esifanele, futhi izicubu ezisusiwe zibuyiselwe futhi zifakwe i-sutured.Ngesikhathi sokuchithwa, izicubu kufanele zigcinwe ngangokunokwenzeka ukuze kuncishiswe isici kanye nomthelela ekumeni kobuso besiguli ngemva kokulimala.

I-2, ukuphuka komhlathi: ukunciphisa ukuphela kokuphuka, kusetshenziswa indlela yokulungisa yangaphakathi ukulungisa indawo ethintekile, ukubuyisela ukuqhubeka komhlathi, zama ukubuyisela ubudlelwano obujwayelekile bangaphambi kokuhlinzwa kwe-occlusal.