ipleyiti ye-cranial snowflake interlink Ⅱ

icranial (isuka kwisiGrike κρανίον 'skull') okanye icephalic (isuka kwisiGrike κεφαλή 'head') ichaza ukuba into isondele kangakanani kwintloko yento ephilayo.

Isiphene sokakayi ngokuyinxenye sibangelwa kukwenzakala okuvulekileyo kwecraniocerebral okanye ukwenzakala okugqobhozayo kompu, kwaye ngokuyinxenye kubangelwa kukuthotywa kotyando, amanxeba okakayi kunye nomonakalo wokugqobhoza okubangelwa kukuqhambuka kokakayi.Kukho ezi etiologies zilandelayo: 1. Vula ukwenzakala kwecraniocerebral okanye ukuhlatywa kompu.2. Emva kwe-reamation ye-comminuted or depressed skull fractures ezingenako ukuncitshiswa.3. Ukulimala kwengqondo ebuhlungu kakhulu okanye ezinye iintlobo zotyando lwe-craniocerebral ngenxa yokugula kufuneka kwi-bone disc decompression.4. Ukukhula kokakayi kubantwana.5. I-cranial osteomyelitis kunye nezinye izilonda zokakayi ngokwazo ezibangelwa ukuhlatywa kwe-skull kutshatyalaliswa okanye ukuhlinzwa ngokutsha kwezilonda zokakayi.

Ukubonakaliswa kweklinikhi: 1. Akukho zimpawu.Iziphene zeSkull ezincinci kune-3cm kwaye ezo ziphantsi kwemisipha yesikhashana kunye ne-occipital zihlala zingabonakali.2. I-Skull defect syndrome.Intloko, isiyezi, isicaphucaphu, ukuphelelwa ngamandla kwamalungu omzimba, ukugodola, ukungcangcazela, ukungakhathali kunye nezinye iimpawu zengqondo ezibangelwa sisiphene esikhulu sokakayi.3. Iimpawu ze-Encephalocele kunye ne-neurolocational.Kwinqanaba lokuqala le-skull defect, i-edema yengqondo enzima, i-dural ye-brain tissue kunye nokubunjwa kwe-fungoidal bulge kwi-skull defect, eyayifakwe kumda wethambo, yabangela i-ischemic necrosis yendawo kwaye yabangela uchungechunge lweempawu ze-neurological localization kunye neempawu.4. I-Bone sclerosis.Indawo ye-skull defect ebangelwa ukuphuka kokukhula kwabantwana iyanda ngokuqhubekayo, kunye ne-bone sclerosis ejikeleze iifom zesiphene.

Ukulungiswa kwe-cranial yinkqubo ephambili yonyango ye-skull defect.Izibonakaliso zokusebenza: 1. I-Cranial defect diameter BBB 0 3cm.2. I-diameter ye-skull defect ingaphantsi kwe-3cm, kodwa ifumaneka kwindawo echaphazela i-aesthetics.3. Uxinzelelo kwisiphene lunokubangela ukuxhuzula kunye ne-meninge-brain scar scar ekhatshwa kukuxhuzula.4. I-Skull defect syndrome ebangelwa yi-skull defect ibangela umthwalo wengqondo, ichaphazela umsebenzi kunye nobomi, kwaye inesidingo sokulungiswa.Izithintelo zotyando: 1. I-intracranial okanye i-incision infection iye yanyangwa ngaphantsi kwesiqingatha sonyaka.2. Izigulane ezineempawu zokunyuka kwengcinezelo ye-intracranial azizange zilawulwe ngokufanelekileyo.3. Ukungasebenzi kakubi kwe-neurological (KPS <60) okanye i-prognosis embi.4. I-scalp incinci ngenxa yobuninzi besikhumba, kwaye ukulungiswa kunokubangela ukuphulukiswa kwesilonda esibi okanye i-scalp necrosis.Ixesha lokusebenza kunye neemeko ezisisiseko: 1. Uxinzelelo lwe-intracranial luye lwalawulwa ngokufanelekileyo kwaye luzinzile.2. Inxeba laphola ngokupheleleyo ngaphandle kosulelo.3. Kwixesha elidlulileyo, i-3 ~ 6 iinyanga zokulungiswa emva kokusebenza kokuqala kunconyiwe, kodwa ngoku iiveki ezi-6 ~ 8 emva kokusebenza kokuqala kunconywa.Ukubuyiselwa kwe-flap ye-autologous bone engcwatywe kwiinyanga ezi-2 ifanelekile, kwaye indlela yokunciphisa i-traction ye-subcapate aponeurosis engcwatywayo akufanele idlule kwiiveki ezi-2.4. Ukulungiswa kwe-Cranial akukhuthazwa phantsi kweminyaka eyi-5 ubudala ngenxa yokuba intloko kunye nomsila ukhula ngokukhawuleza; I-5 ~ 10 iminyaka ubudala inokulungiswa, kwaye ukulungiswa komthwalo ogqithisiweyo kufuneka kwamkelwe, kunye nezinto zokulungisa kufuneka zibe yi-0.5cm ngaphaya komda wethambo.Emva kweminyaka eyi-15 ubudala, ukulungiswa kwekhanda kuyafana nakubantu abadala.Izinto ezisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo ukulungisa izinto: i-polymer ephezulu, i-bone plated, i-organic plated, i-silika ye-silika sebenzisa kancinci (ibe), imathiriyeli yeallograft (njengohlobo lweallograft decalcified, degreasing kunye nezinye processing ezenziwe ngethambo matrix gelatin), izinto autologous (iimbambo, amagxa amagxa, ukakayi, njl.), izinto ezintsha, porous high density polyethylene, EH composite ithambo eyenziweyo), yangoku kwimilo ye-3 d ipleyiti esetyenziswayo esetyenziswa ngokutsha.