ipuleti le-cranial snowflake interlink Ⅱ

i-cranial (kusuka ku-Greek κρανίον 'skull') noma i-cephalic (kusuka ku-Greek κεφαλή 'head') ichaza ukuthi into iseduze kangakanani nenhloko yento ephilayo.

Ukonakala kogebhezi ngokwengxenye kubangelwa ukuhlukumezeka okuvulekile kwe-craniocerebral noma ukulimala kokungena kwesibhamu, futhi ngokwengxenye kubangelwa ukuwohloka kokuhlinzwa, izilonda zogebhezi kanye nokulimala okubangelwa ukuqaqa ugebhezi.Kunalezi zindlela ezilandelayo: 1. Vula ukuhlukumezeka kwe-craniocerebral noma ukulimala kokubhobozwa kwesibhamu. Ngemuva kokuvuswa kokuqhekeka kogebhezi olunciphile noma olucindezelekile olungenakuncishiswa.3. Ukulimala okunzima kobuchopho obubuhlungu noma ezinye izinhlobo zokuhlinzwa kwe-craniocerebral ngenxa yokugula zidinga ukuchithwa kwe-bone disc.4. Ukukhula kogebhezi lwekhanda ezinganeni.5. I-cranial osteomyelitis nezinye izilonda zogebhezi ngokwalo okubangelwa ukubhobozwa kogebhezi lwekhanda noma ukuhlinzwa kabusha kwezilonda zogebhezi.

Ukubonakaliswa komtholampilo: 1. Azikho izimpawu.Iziphambeko zekhanda ezingaphansi kuka-3cm futhi lezo ezingaphansi kwemisipha yesikhashana neye-occipital ngokuvamile azibonakali.2. I-Skull defect syndrome.Ikhanda elibuhlungu, isiyezi, isicanucanu, ukuphelelwa amandla, ukugodola, ukundindizela, ukunganaki kanye nezinye izimpawu zengqondo ezibangelwa ugebhezi olukhulu.3. Izimpawu ze-Encephalocele kanye ne-neurolocational.Esigabeni sokuqala sogebhezi lwekhanda, i-edema ebuchosheni eqinile, i-dural yezicubu zobuchopho kanye nokwakheka kweqhubu le-fungoidal endaweni yogebhezi, eyayishumekwe emaphethelweni ethambo, kwabangela i-ischemic necrosis yendawo futhi yabangela uchungechunge lwezimpawu nezimpawu zendawo yemizwa.4. I-Bone sclerosis.Indawo yogebhezi oludalwe ukukhula kwezingane ikhula ngokuqhubekayo, kanti i-bone sclerosis ezungeze ukukhubazeka kwakheka.

Ukulungisa uhlaka lwe-cranial yisu eliyinhloko lokwelapha ugebhezi olungasebenzi kahle.Izinkomba zokusebenza: 1. Ububanzi be-cranial defect BBB 0 3cm.2. Ububanzi besici sogebhezi lungaphansi kuka-3cm, kodwa lutholakala engxenyeni ethinta ubuhle.3. Ukucindezela kokukhubazeka kungabangela isithuthwane kanye nokwakheka kwezibazi ze-meninge-brain okuhambisana nesifo sokuwa.4. I-Skull defect syndrome ebangelwa ugebhezi ludala umthwalo osindayo engqondweni, ithinta umsebenzi nempilo, futhi inesidingo sokulungiseka.Izingqinamba zokuhlinzwa: 1. Ukutheleleka nge-intracranial noma ukusikwa kwelashwe isikhathi esingaphansi kwesigamu sonyaka.2. Iziguli ezinezimpawu zokwanda kwengcindezi ye-intracranial azizange zilawulwe ngokuphumelelayo.3. Ukungasebenzi kahle kwezinzwa (KPS <60) noma ukubikezela okubi.4. I-scalp incane ngenxa yesibazi esikhulu sesikhumba, futhi ukulungiswa kungase kubangele ukuphulukiswa kwesilonda okubi noma i-scalp necrosis.Isikhathi sokusebenza kanye nezimo eziyisisekelo: 1. Ukucindezela kwe-intracranial kuye kwalawulwa ngokuphumelelayo futhi kwaqiniswa.2. Isilonda saphola ngokuphelele ngaphandle kokutheleleka.3. Esikhathini esidlule, izinyanga ezingu-3 ~ 6 zokulungiswa ngemva kokuhlinzwa kokuqala kunconyiwe, kodwa manje amaviki angu-6 ~ 8 ngemva kokuhlinzwa kokuqala kunconywa.Ukubuyiselwa kabusha kwe-autologous bone flap engcwatshwe phakathi nezinyanga ezingu-2 kufanelekile, futhi indlela yokunciphisa i-traction ye-subcapate aponeurosis engcwatshwe akufanele idlule amaviki angu-2.4. Ukulungiswa kwe-cranial akukhuthazwa ngaphansi kweminyaka engu-5 ubudala ngoba ikhanda nomsila ukhula ngokushesha;Iminyaka engu-5 ~ 10 ubudala ingalungiswa, futhi ukulungiswa komthwalo osindayo kufanele kwamukelwe, futhi izinto zokulungisa kufanele zibe ngu-0.5cm ngaphesheya kwe-bone margin.Ngemva kweminyaka engu-15 ubudala, ukulungiswa kwekhanda kuyafana nakubantu abadala.Izinto ezisetshenziswa kakhulu zokulungisa: i-polymer ephezulu, i-bone material , i-silica organic material sebenzisa kancane (ine), allograft impahla (njengohlobo allograft decalcified, degreasing kanye nokunye ukucutshungulwa ezenziwe ngethambo matrix gelatin), izinto autologous (izimbambo, izindwani ehlombe, ugebhezi, njll.), izinto ezintsha, izimbotshana high density polyethylene, EH esiyinhlanganisela ithambo yokufakelwa), yamanje ngesimo 3 d ezivamile ukwakhiwa kabusha kwepuleti esetshenziswa ukwakhiwa kabusha kwe-titanium.